Concept Analysis In Nursing - 1158 Words

Application of Concept Analysis to Practice In recent years there has been a movement in nursing to further understand the many terms (concepts) that are used. Concepts in nursing often seem vague or appear to have ambiguous meanings. For the purpose of this paper, we will take a deeper look at one specific concept, emotional intelligence, and examine a peer reviewed article that utilizes the Walker and Avant method to deconstruct the meaning. Emotional intelligence is asks the nurse to look at their own feelings and the feelings of others to achieve a successful nurse-patient interaction. Lastly, this paper will show how emotional intelligence can be applied in practice. Concept for Analysis The nurse-patient interaction is the†¦show more content†¦Next, the authors were to determine defining attributes of emotional intelligence. They concluded there were two defining attributes: 1. Emotional intelligence as the individual trait 2. Emotional intelligence as the ability to understand, express and control emotions of one’s self and others (Yekta Abdolrahimi, 2015). The next steps in the Walker and Avant concept analysis model is to identify scenarios in which the term is used. The authors provide a model case, in which a nurse understands a patient’s concern over their diagnosis, and therefore, adjusts body language, tone and demeanor to suggest a plan of care. In step 6 they identify borderline and contrary scenarios. Yekta and Abdolrahimi suggests a borderline scenario in which a nurse understands a patient may need comfort following a new diagnosis, yet the nurse leaves the patient in the room alone to wait for the provider. The authors then suggest a negative scenario in which a patient receives upsetting news and the nurse, regardless of the diagnosis, provides a disappointing plan of care (Yekta Abdolrahimi, 2015). The remaining two steps of the Walker and Avant concept analysis identifies antecedents and consequences as well as defines empirical references. The article identifies one’s locus of control as the antecedents to emotional intelligence. Although this is not explained well in the article, locus of control is a psychological concept that refers to how strongly people believe theyShow MoreRelatedConcept Analysis : Nursing Analysis1658 Words   |  7 PagesConcept Nursing Analysis The meaning of concept analysis is how nursing â€Å"explores the meaning of concepts to promote understanding† (McEwen, Wills, 2010). Pain continues to be a common problem within health care and one of the most treat problems when seeking medical treatment. The concept analysis consist of several steps to complete the process. The steps of the concept analysis are as follows: â€Å"1. select the concept 2. Determine the aims or purpose of analysis 3. Identify all the uses of theRead MoreConcept Analysis And Identify A Nursing Concept2357 Words   |  10 PagesThe purpose of this paper is to create a concept analysis and identify a nursing concept that is within a nursing theory. A concept analysis is a process where concepts and their characteristics are researched and clarified. The eight steps on conducting a concept analysis include selection of a concept used in a nursing theory, identification of the aims or purposes of the analysis, identification of possible use of the selected concept, determination of defining attributes, identification ofRead MoreNursing Care: A Concept Analysis1297 Words   |  5 PagesConcept analysis in the article Nursing Care: A Concept Analysis In theory development literature, concepts are the building blocks from which one constructs theories. 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Nursing theories should be analyzed and investigated for the value before acceptance just as new ideas are reviewed prior to implementation into practice.Read MoreThe Concept Analysis of Stress in the Nursing Field980 Words   |  4 PagesConcept Analysis of Stress: The nursing field is an occupation that is naturally subject to a high degree of stress because professionals in this field deal with grief, suffering, and death cases. The vulnerability to stress in the nursing occupation is also fueled by the fact that several nursing tasks tend to be mundane and unrewarding. In normal standards, nursing tasks range from being distasteful to degrading, disgusting, and frightening. Generally, many visits by patients to health careRead MoreConcept Analysis: Cultural Marginality in Nursing1313 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction 21st century nursing is an evolving, rewarding, but challenging occupation. Unlike nurses in the past, the modern nurses role is not limited to the physicians assistant, but rather takes on a critical partnership role with both doctor and patient. This role is multicimensional: advocate, caregiver, teacher, researcher, counselor, translator, and case manager. Of course, care is of the upmost importance and includes those activities that assist the client physically mentally andRead MoreStaff Satisfaction : Nursing : A Concept Analysis3058 Words   |  13 PagesStaff Satisfaction in Nursing: A Concept Analysis The term staff satisfaction is commonly used in society today. Whether it is in the world of business, economics, healthcare, or other organizational institutions; many evaluations and institutional changes stem from the results of this staff satisfaction. With emphasis on the healthcare industry, staff satisfaction of nurses often affects the way they perform in their care of patients. It may also affect their happiness within the organization andRead MoreConcept Analysis of Caring in Nursing Essay2156 Words   |  9 PagesIt is evident that nursing theorists, scholars and health care professions have varying interpretations of what caring is or should be. In the middle of all these disparity, caring is a vital component of the nursing practice and the key to choosing the concept of caring is because it is very essential when it comes to health care. This paper tries to make clear the concept of caring in the field of nursing and it makes use of the Walker and Avant outline to supp ort the concept. It starts with recognizingRead MoreConcept Analysis : The Theory Of The Science Of Nursing1875 Words   |  8 PagesIntroduction Concept analysis is a process that many healthcare professionals use in practice daily. It helps when conducting research into the best practices we should be abiding by in order to give the best possible care at all times. 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Globalization In The Financial Sector And Personal Reflection assignme

Questions: 1. In reference to a particular business sector of your choice discuss four major drivers that may have accelerated the pace of globalization of this sector since the year 2000. Briefly assess two main impacts of globalization on this sector over this period. 2. Personal reflection. Give a brief account of how the process of globalization might have impacted on you; provide detailed explanations of your response to the process. Answers: 1. Globalization in the financial sector The present time is the age of globalization. And, UK is one of the worlds most globalized economies. The service sector dominates the UK economy. It contributes about 78% to their GDP. And among that financial services sector is in itself quite important. UKs capital London is the worlds largest financial sector. Therefore when UK was recognizing wave of globalization how its mighty financial sector could have been spared. The financial sector has also been revolutionized through globalization over time. (Ref: Richard Davies and Peter Richardson, Lazarowicz, Global Financial Centers)There had been several drivers that have accelerated the pace of globalization of financial sector since the year 2000. Most important of them are-1. Political Drivers - The Governments all over the world in the drift of globalization allowed the banks to open their units and branches in any part of the region. Apart they could also engage in merger activities internationally. Now, it is well known that hefty international mergers impact the structure of the entire domestic markets. And due to this the respective governments keep on devising and implementing foreign trade policies. These policies are specifically targeted at reducing the level of competition among domestic firms and international firms. Usually they confront the multinational firms to protect regional firms. There have been several laws for the same including those made in the early 80s of 19th century. They include among all the Deposito ry Institutions Deregulation and Monetary Control Act of 1980 and the Garn-St. Germaine Depository Act of 1982. These acts used to provide the Federal Reserve a greater control over the non-member banks. These acts used to work to allow the banks to merge and thrift institutions (credit unions, savings and loans and mutual savings banks) to offer checkable deposits. Now that was the condition in 80s, in 1993 the Second Banking Directive was implemented which deregulated the markets of European Union countries. In 1994, European insurance markets underwent similar changes as a result of the Third Generation Insurance Directive of 1994. Now these two directives bring about the necessary change for globalization in the financial services sector. It opened the home financial services sector to the fierce challenge from multinational corporations. In addition it created a vigorous global scramble to secure customers that had been previously unreachable or untouchable. Now banks and finan cial services were open to take advantage of the other financially rich economies. In the past, while the institutional and regulatory restrictions on banks activities had been preventing banks from fully responding to economic drivers, deregulation of these by the Governments, all across globe, removed these constraints. Now the banks were open to expand into new markets offering higher (albeit more volatile) margins. This prospective profitability sight provided by the diversification and on tune encouraged by the deregulation has been a major thrift in pacing the rate of globalization of financial services.(Ref: Susan Lund, Toos Daruvala, Richard Dobbs, Philipp Harle, Ju-Hon Kwek, and Ricardo Falcon, Nicolas Pologeorgis) 2. Technological Drivers US has always been considered as the most technology savvy market in the world. But American minds are not the sole technologically efficient minds in the world. There is talent all over the world. And even the American organizations know that. When, globalization opened ways for organizations how could they stay unperturbed to the tech-efficient people all around? Rather they took to take advantage of the same. So organizations hired the technical minded people in spite of their location on the globe. Now, only technical organization do not require technical people, even they are required in the financial sector. And they same as was revolutionizing around, helped financial organizations hire competent minds to make them more technologically advanced. Then, on globe there are several countries known for technological advancement in every field. And there, in those countries, the financial entities like banks, NBFCs are also more advanced in comparison to th e similar entities present all over the world and globalization was allowing the organizations to form combination structures horizontally and vertically with them and exploit their technical knowledge for their own benefit, so how could the organizations resist. They took to moving in several combination strategies to take benefit of the same. Now, next the complementary increase in the capabilities of Internet had also been a major pace maker of the globalization of financial services. It has dramatically changed the cost and capabilities for marketing, distributing and servicing financial products. Recent innovations in communications and information technology have resulted in a reduction in diseconomies of scale associated with business costs faced by financial institutions contemplating geographic expansion. To add up the ATM networks and banking websites now enabled efficient long-distance interactions between institutions and their customers. Now the customers didnt even hav e to move the branches of the banks for various purposes. They could rather get there work done from any place of their choice. This has made customers become too dependent on their newfound ability to conduct boundary-less financial transactions on a continuous basis. The situation got intense to the level that businesses which were not technologically connected ultimately lost their entire market share to the competitors.The ones that took most advantage of this internet wave were the multinationals. Because when there were no boundaries, the financial sector could easily sweep to countries that were not developed as their native countries. These were particularly Asian and Middle East Countries. There internet had not reached or if had reached, wasnt been used that effectively in European Countries. And when the European Union Financial Sectors targeted these economies they knew well, there was no back turn. These nations had funds, resources which were not effectively mobilized. Globalization gave them that spirit. And the multinational financial services keen to exploit opportunities proved additional lit to the flame. Now the multinational group used internet to reach the customers of these countries. It was when their native financial services providers were not providing any such services. This made the financial services users to start choosing multinational brand financial service providers over their home service providers. Thus, adding up to their advantage and profitability. This way the internet also provided a drive to the globalization of financial services.Now, this thrift of internet making globalization opportunities more attractive, and then the baits of hiring techno-efficient people, getting to ride on technologies of advanced similar finance service providers added to the drive towards globalization.(Ref: Nicolas Pologeorgis, TF Dapp, Eric K. Clemons and Lorin M. Hitt) 3. Competitive Drivers - Nicolas in his article says An additional driving force for financial service firms' geographic diversification has been the proliferation of corporate combination strategies such as mergers, acquisitions, strategic alliances and outsourcing. While these combination strategies allowed the organization to improve the level of their efficiency within the industry. It also provided them an opportunity to enter the financial markets of other countries. They could even make a voluntary exit through the back door of divesting their share in these combined organizations. Apart it gave them a look of native, for those service users who preferred their own national services over others. Then these Consolidation strategies further empowered the firms to capitalize on economies of scale and focus on lowering their unit production costs.Then when your competitor is joining the wave of globalization, how could other organizations leave the flow. Many financial sector busi nesses jumped into the globalization drive just because their competitors had and they in no way could accept lacking behind. Apart, due to globalization, when the financial sector of UK visualized that several cross country organizations were trying hard to enter their nations and exploit the advantages of the United Kingdoms Financial Sector, they also could cite several benefits available to financial service providers across the world. And then this view and those others explained above competitive drivers add up to the drive of globalization.(Ref: F. Braggion, M.Haynes, J. Ashton, M.Jayadev)4. Market Drivers - apart from the above defined, there were market drivers that paced the level of globalization in the financial sector of UK. The financial organizations of UK had already explored every nook of financial services that could be provided in the country. Now they could expand to other countries and exploit the financial markets of those places. And with their efficiency they were unperturbed that they could take the advantage. This foresight act as a market driver for the financial sector going global5. Cost Drivers- Then there had also been cost drivers. When the financial sector organization move to other nations they get the resources there as gifts. Many times the native industries cannot take that level advantage of the resources and opportunities in their own country. And thats because they are nave in the field while the multinational firms own experience. Also in the other Asian and African countries the cost for almost everything is less than the cost of the same product in Britain. This cost drivers also allowed to the charm of globalization for the financial sector.(Ref: Martin Wolf, Dr. Madsen Pirie, Robyn Meredith and Suzanne Hoppough)Thus the above factors have been the reason which the financial sector paced up so fast in the ride of globalization. Impacts of Globalization on Financial Sector- 1. Introduction of New Technologies- Globalization has brought with itself new technologies. Before globalization there were certain efficient technocrat countries which excelled in technology and then there were other countries that were backward in terms of technology. Then there were some technologies that hadnt even been utilized. Globalization revolutionized both. Now no country is left without efficient technology. And particularly the financial sector of now almost every country utilizes technology.Then there are also several new technologies like those involving ATM, truncated cards and cheques which got evolved just because of globalization. When the techno-efficient minds from all over the world came together, then only they could device so many new technologies and systems. And they could come together only because of globalization. And now the new technologies defined and designed by them are shaping the financial sector not only in UK but throughout the world.2. Increase d Competition, resulting in better services -It is a well known fact that anytime when the economy has multiple producers contending for a clutch of the wealth, thats a good sign for consumers. It is because when there are numerous sellers of the same service, they know they have to compete with each other for each and every consumer. It ultimately increases the quality of goods and services they provide, which is definitely quite beneficial for customers. Because they find several people ready to provide services each better than the other, each providing some additional quality, each trying for their penny and that too at the lowest cost possible, since the lowering of cost is also one of the measure they use to gain customers.So when the financial service providers started to venture across international borders, they knew well that already there were established service providers. To take their market share, they had no other option then to present top notch facilities and new t echnologies. And therefore they incorporated them in their services. Now due to that their financial services demand rose. It ultimately made the native companies too to raise the standard level of services they were providing. Thus now a consumer had a competitive market that could provide him the best services in the world. That way the globalization leads to increase in the level of competition and in turn better services to the customers.(Ref: Impact of Globalization, Definition of Comparative advantage, Effects of globalization on the UK economy, Why globalization matters, Don McCubbrey, Andy Rao, K.Ellis, N Bloom) 2. Personal Reflection It is never like that if something is shaping the world, it wont shape the life of a common individual. Similarly when the globalization has turned the world upside down, it also affects people like me. Due to globalization in the financial sector, consumers like us have the advantage to choose from numerous competitive organizations that are providing top notch facilities. Then the efficiency of the products and services has also risen. While earlier I had to call a customer executive cell at least thrice to get connected to the person, now I can get my query or complaint, whatever it is, registered in one call. Then, earlier I had to go to the bank branch to secure payment from my account now I can collect it anywhere, since the ATMs are now scattered all over. Apart earlier whenever I had to move out, I had to carry hard currency. But now just a debit or credit card is sufficient. Thats just because globalization had made almost every service techno-efficient.Apart due to globaliz ation, now a commoner like me can take education or grade from any university in the world. Even I am not required to go there I can rather take the classes at my home through online class schedule. Now thats not the limit, even I can join any organization worldwide, irrespective of where it is situated. Even I need not care whether the entity I am joining is of UK or any other country.Besides I may choose to be an entrepreneur. And then, can enter any market worldwide. I am independent to choose my workplace where my goods would be manufactured. Then I have the advantage to choose from thousands of financial service providers, all over the world to take necessary funding for my firm. Then if ever I could turn my entrepreneurial business to a company, the organization can now due to globalization issue GDRs throughout the world. Then I am again free to choose where I want to sell my product. I wont have the restriction to sell it ultimately only in my own country. Then if now I want a product thats not available in UK, I can get it exported from the place where they are available. Even if thats a service, unless it requires personal presence it can be delivered at my door step. And when, its a service involving personal presence, I can move to the best place wherever there is the best service provider or wherever the service is provided at the most cheap rate, without any restriction on my movement. The best example of it is people moving to Ecuador for cheap health services and also to US for receiving best health services. Now thats the way globalization has impacted me as an individual. References- 1. RICHARD DAVIES and PETER RICHARDSON, 2010, Evolution of the UK banking system, Quarterly bulletin 2010 Q42. LAZAROWICZ, 2003, Financial Services Industry, United Kingdom Parliament3. Global Financial Centers , 2010, Zyen, Pp-304. SUSAN LUND, TOOS DARUVALA, RICHARD DOOBS, PHILIPP HARLE, JU-HON KWEK and RICARDO FALCON, 2013, Financial Globalization; Retreat or reset?, Insights Publications. viewed on 31 March 2015, https://www.mckinsey.com/insights/global_capital_markets/financial_globalization5. NICOLAS POLOGEORGIS, The Globalization of financial services, viewed on 31 March 2015, https://www.investopedia.com/articles/financial-theory/09/risk-free-rate-return.asp6. TF DAPP, 2014, The digital revolution in the financial sector7. ERIC K. CLEMONS and LORIN M. HITT, 2000, The internet and the future of financial services: Transparency, Differential Pricing and Disintermediation, viewed on 31 March 2015, https://fic.wharton.upenn.edu/fic/papers/00/p0035.html8. F. BRAGGION, 2010, Merger s and acquisitions in financial baking, aea web9. M.HAYNES, Mergers and Market share: evidence from the UK Financial Market 10. J. ASHTON, 2007, Efficiency and Price Effects of Horizontal Bank Mergers 11. M.JAYADEV, Mergers in Indian Banking, University of Birmingham12. MARTIN WOLF, 2004, Why Globalization Works, New Haven, Yale University Press13. Dr. MADSEN PIRIE, 2012, Ten very good things, 9:Globalization, viewed on 31 March 2015, https://www.adamsmith.org/blog/international/ten-very-good-things-9-globalization/14. ROBYN MEREDITH and SUZANNE HOPPOUGH, 2007, Why globalization is good, viewed on 31 March 2015, https://www.forbes.com/forbes/2007/0416/064.html15. Impact of Globalization, Careerride.com, viewed on 31 March 2015, https://www.careerride.com/GD-impact-of-globalization.aspx16. Definition of Comparative advantage, Economics Help, viewed on 31 March 2015, https://www.economicshelp.org/blog/glossary/comparative-advantage/17. Effects of globalization on the UK economy, Econo mics Help, viewed on 31 March 2015, https://www.economicshelp.org/trade/globalisation_uk_economy/18. Why globalization matters, BRI, viewed on 31 March 2015, https://briworldwide.com/why-globalization-matters/19. DON MC CUBBREY, 2014, Negative and positive effects of globalization for developing country business, viewed on 31 March 2015, https://www.boundless.com/users/235420/textbooks/business-fundamentals/international-business-for-the-entrepreneur-14/globalization-opportunities-and-threats-to-developing-country-business-55/negative-and-positive-effects-of-globalization-for-developing-country-business-253-15556/20. ANDY RAO, 2013, 4 positive impacts of globalization on world economy, viewed on 31 March 2015, https://www.kstatecollegian.com/2013/05/07/4-positive-impacts-of-globalization-on-world-economy/21. K.ELLIS, The Economic Impact of Globalization 22. N BLOOM, 2010, The impact of globalization on management quality

Advantages and Disadvantages of Formalization

Red Cross Involvement in WWII essays

Red Cross Involvement in WWII essays Red Cross Involvement The Red Cross is a group organization, which consists mostly of volunteers that help the needy and the hurt. In the beginning of World War II, when it was just announced that we were at war with the Japanese the doors of the Red Cross opened to thousands of new volunteers that wanted to help the American soldiers. To ease the discomfort of civilians being drafted, the Red Cr0oss decide to turn towards social workers and recreational specialists. (Comptons Interactive Encyl.) The Red Cross helped keep Americans calm during this war but soon, the Cold War Era began and made it difficult to work with. The American Red Cross successfully met the challenges of war and peace as it established a blood program. (Comptons Interactive Encyl.) This blood program was requested by the U.S. Army and Navy. During the four-year period, starting at 1941 in New York City, 6.6 million donors gave blood to help their soldiers. As the blood donors increased during the war, new centers opened and Army and Navy asked the Red Cross for greater amounts of blood. (Comptons Interactive Encyl.) The Red Cross also helped refugees reunite with their familys already living in the U.S. by setting up posts where you could look for names of the loved ones you are missing and see if they have made it back to the U.S. Many youths were in need of clothes and food so the Red Cross supplied what they could from the donations they received to the young people in need. The Nurses Aide Corps was an only volunteer organization to help meet the emergency needs of the civilian population. It played a significant role in building up community health defense during a time when there was a shortage of nurses and medical personnel. (Comptons Interactive Encyl.) Before the attack on Pearl Harbor the Red Cross practiced emergency calls so the ...

Triceratops Trail, CSM Geology Museum, and Dinosaur Ridge Essay

Triceratops Trail, CSM Geology Museum, and Dinosaur Ridge - Essay Example The triceratops trail footprints are different from the Dinosaur Ridge ones in that the ones for Dinosaur Ridge are aged million and are viewed from top. Triceratops Trail characterize tracks that are vied in three dimension formed if an animal leaves a print in mud that is afterwards filled hence forms a cast and vertically tilted by the rocky mountains uplift. The whole process leaves behind tracks that stick from the walls as the original layer had been mined away. Footprints of dinosaurs, birds, mammals and beetles are evident on the walls. It is a trail of 1.5 mile along parkway of Alameda between county road and Rooney road on the North. It has 100 tracks of dinosaurs, geological features and a quarry containing dinosaur bones. It takes about 2 hours to make trips. The trail is composed of more than 15 sites all marked by interpretive signs. At the ridge’s top there is a switchback curve that cuts through revealing the geological Hogback structure. Two overlooks scenes, west and east, are places where Front Range geology is studied or where one can sit and enjoy a beautiful scene. The interpretive signs on the curve show the gas and oil production, the basin of Denver, rocky mountains uplift and Golden fault. The bone quarry was discovered in the year 1877 by a company known as Arthur Lakes. This site was initially known as Morrison quarry no 5. Among the fourteen sites in the location only 4 did produce bones. Quarry no 5 is the bone quarry where the first stegosaurus in the world was discovered. Many vertebrae, limb parts and famous plates’ pieces were discovered and are now evident on Morrison museum display. The bones that are presently exposed at their sites of interpretation are most probably from Apatosaurus and stegosaurs and are washed by rain into stream channel. The bone quarry is amongst the few places where one can have a view of dinosaur bones and touch them in rocks in which they fossilized. The

A journal article critique in the family health area - 1

A journal critique in the family health area - Article Example The author employed the methods correctly since all the results indicated that chiropractic care produced positive results that improved the quality of life. However, there might be error in the research, since the author assumes that those who do not get chiropractic care do not get other health services, but in reality they could be receiving other health care in different forms. The evidence in support of the topic can be the 1992 research where people who received chiropractic care had a higher immunity than the average population or cancer patients. Dr. Petro states that chiropractic health care imparts maximum efficiency to whatever genetic makeup one may be possessing, while in the 2005 research, the study indicates that chiropractic health care determines normal physiological process which influence DNA repair and oxidative stress. This implies that subluxations removal has a positive influence on health. The strength of the evidence can be that chiropractic care has positive results on the immune system and can be recommended for quality life, while the weakness can be that those who got chiropractic care may have lived in the same environment which favored the practice or have specific biological background. The author supported the topic by explaining that the immune and nervous system were connected, and therefore manipulating the nervous system would produce a result, which in this case is chiropractic care which has positive results on the immune system. Other authors have conducted chiropractic research. They include shekelle et al (1992) and they concluded that manipulation of the spine fastens recovery from minor low back pains, after literature review on 25 trials. Van Tudler, Bouter and Koes in Netherlands found superior evidence for efficiency of manipulating the spine for chronic back pain. Bronfort (1999) conducted a review and found short term capacity

A Christmas Carol Essay Example for Free

A Christmas Carol Essay Charles Dickens writing has had a colossal influence on millions of people by using what Victorian London and major cities of time were like. Through his novels he campaigned for the poor. Charles Dickens childhood was blighted by his fathers financial problems but by the end he was lecturing about his works to large and enthusiastic audiences. Driven by a need to separate himself from early poverty and by a desire to help those children who were as poor as he had been. Charles Dickens was born on Friday, February 7th 1812 at No. 1 Mile End Terrace, Landport; when the Industrial Revolution was gathering pace. As Charles Dickens grew up many large family groups living in villages were breaking up and moving to towns either singly or as nuclear families. Perhaps Dickens had a fear of the breaking up of the family group in the changing times. The bond of the family is shown for example when the Cratchits gather at Christmas; phrases like Bob hugged his daughter to his hearts content. are used. At age of 12 Dickens was removed from school and sent to work in a boot-blacking factory earning six shillings a week to help support the family. Charles considered the period to be the most terrible time in his life and would later write that he wondered how I could have been so easily cast away at such an age despair in his tone. This childhood poverty could have been an enormous influence on Dickens later views on social reform and the world he created through his novels. Dickens emphasised the big difference between family life and those who lived alone. He seems to try and show that happy people live in families for example this is shown when Mrs. Crachit greets Martha with obverse joy. Why bless your heart alive, my dear, how late you are. He suggests that sad people live alone. He starts the book A Christmas Carol with death Marley was dead. This is a grim start. He shows Scrooge as the sole executor, administrator, assign, legatee, friend and mourner. He also adds about the death of Hamlets father to increase the gloom. The book starts by pouring on the solitude and gloom of scrooges situation with the absence of a families love. Charles Dickens chose the Christmas time of year because it is a family time where many families split up by work join together to see and rejoice with one another. In the novel the Christmas season and children the families are linked to one another. The first cheerful words are from the Christmas greetings from Scrooges nephew cried a cheerful voice. This is followed by an argument of the value of Christmas between the Nephew and Scrooge. Scrooge talks of boiling people who like Christmas in their own pudding. Scrooges nephew then argues how much a good thing Christmas is I believe that it has done me good Scrooges nephew believes Christmas even though an expensive time for the rich is a good time for the poor families in the major cities of the time and gives Scrooges nephew a happy feeling of what goes on at Christmas. A few pages deeper into stave 2 Scrooge is taken back to his childhood by the Ghost of Christmas Past and sees all of his childhood friends and remembers the road they are on. The Ghost asks if Scrooge recollects where they are and Scrooges reply is a surprise I could walk it blindfold said Scrooge strange to have forgotten it for so many years! Replied the Spirit Scrooge had blocked out his childhood because it was a sad and poor time for him. Scrooge was seeing these boys were in great spirits. This implies that children represent joy and have appreciation for life making everything happy. Scrooge was thinking that he had watched these boys but had never been one himself. He was the solitary child, neglected by his friends. The importance and affection of families is shown when his sister takes him home. Also the joy of children is shown. As she is bending down to laugh she talks of, home being quote homes like heaven. An important figure in the story is his sister a child who Scrooge has affection for in his memory, this laughter pops up again. To hear Scrooge expending all the earnestness of his nature would have been a surprise to his business friends. Suddenly emotions are pouring out of Scrooge and he is excited because his inner child has had a slight play. Skipping to stave 3 and Tiny Tim who is a small boy with the power of delivering the message of Jesus. God bless us everyone. The picture of Tiny Tim greatly affects Scrooge who now sees the prejudice in his opinions. When the Crachit family celebrates Christmas they revel in each others company love and appreciate the things they have. They are unlike the stereotypical Victorian image of the working class commonly held at this period of time. Alas Tiny Tim he bore a little crutch his limbs supported by an Iron Frame Tiny Tim, their small crippled son will die with out the treatment needed. He is a small symbol of society failing to provide for the poor. The picture of Tiny Tim greatly affects Scrooge and he begins to realize how prejudice his opinions really are. The irony of his own words, spoken to him by the Ghost of Christmas Present if he is to die, he had better do it, and decrease the surplus population. Children are yet again used to show social problems in society. A boy and girl called Ignorance and Want are used to show the problems they were wretched, abject, frightful, hideous, miserable Scrooge is also shocked by the sight of Ignorance and Want, two children so named because of the treatment they received from society. Dickens is speaking to the reader at this point. Society is ignorant of the peoples needs. People are in want of basic supplies of food and drink, clothing and shelter. One example of this change in Scrooge is when he realises Tiny Tim has died. Tell me what man that was whom we saw lying dead? This then leads to a demonstration by the spirit of Christmas yet to come of Scrooges own death, this part of the text increases Scrooges realization of the significance of Tiny Tims death. Throughout the story, Scrooge has numerous warnings of his future from the people he meets, his nephew, Marley, the spirits, Belle etc. Although from the beginning of his acquaintance with the first Ghost, Scrooges gradual change is clearly perceptible, it is the spectacle of his own death, which makes him realize he must change his ways. On Christmas morning Scrooge wakes up and is cheerful. I am as happy as an angel Scrooge has Christmas fever and acts as if he was a child, he becomes generous sending Bob Crachit the prized turkey and promising the boy half a crown for buying the turkey. Does this show the sort of attitude Dickenss wants in society? The end of the novel contrasts well with the beginning. The story has a very typical fairy tale ending and a clear moral to the story. Scrooge has under gone a metamorphosis. Does Scrooges change symbolize the change in society that Dickens wanted?. Tiny Tim will live and so will everyone else, happily ever after. By Thomas Bailey 10CHB English Coursework 5/8/2007.