Monday, May 25, 2020

The Pros and Cons of Participant Observation or Surveys as...

Introduction In our daily activities as humans, we consciously and unconsciously observe what people do around us, how they do it, and sometimes ask why they do what they do. In so doing we gain a better understanding of their ways of life. Anthropologist and sociologist too mention but a few, professions employ the daily observations we engage in as humans in a methodology called participant observation. Dewalt and Dewalt (2002:1) define participant observation as â€Å"a method in which a researcher takes part in the daily activities, events, rituals and interactions, of a group of people as one of the means of learning the explicit and tacit aspects of their life routine and culture.† Participant observation can be carried out in roles†¦show more content†¦The physical presence of the researcher and his use of direct observation have tremendous positive effects on the quality of data generated and further enhances it. This is so because it has the capacity to do the following. Firstly, it has the capacity to reduce reactivity which is capable of distorting data. The likelihood that the presence of the observer may allow for alterations in the behaviour of the observed, by the observed towards the observer exist in participant observation and are capable of reducing the validity of data if such actions are not take into cognisance suggests Schwartz and Schwartz (1955).familiarity between the observed and the observer over time can however change this .Bernard (2006) affirms that rather than encourage the occurrence of such, the presence of the researcher instead discourages reactivity on the basis that the researcher’s presence over time builds trust with the observed and in turn lowers the risk of reactivity because the observed are more familiar and comfortable around the researcher. Hence they act in their natural state this therefore, help to generate more valid data. Secondly, Dewaltz and Dewaltz (2002) refer to participant observation as a mean s of learning ‘tacit and explicit ‘aspects of people’s life routines andShow MoreRelatedTypes of Experimental Research Methodologies1387 Words   |  6 Pages  Natural observation occurs when researchers observe participants in their natural setting. When researchers use natural observation they do not change the environment the participants are in and the researchers do nothing to change the behavior of the participants. Natural observation is used when researchers are looking for a particular behavior but this can be a very time consuming method of research. The researcher has no guarantee that he or she will witness the particular behavior he or sheRead MoreLiterature Review on Tesco and Impact of Recession1682 Words   |  7 Pagesand the data collection methods used in order to carry out the research that is based on TESCO and whether it has an impact of recession or not. 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Thursday, May 14, 2020

Mobile Electronics Are A Big Part Of Our Society - 1103 Words

Mobile electronics are a big part of our society. The biggest example of this is probably the cell phone. Cell phones have become one of those things that you must have today. The cell phone and devices like it continue to get smarter and smarter. With the evolution of the smartphone In recent years, most of us walk around with a handheld computer in our pockets. As the devices continue to evolve, so to then must the accessories. Headphones are an accessory that many of us carry at all times. When you buy a new phone it usually comes with a pair of wired headphones made of cheap material that most of us disregard. We usually ditch these for something that better suits our lifestyle, wireless, sound quality, etc. The Hooke wireless†¦show more content†¦Product B may not have the booming sound of product A, and allows a little outside noise in, but is still a pair of decent headphones. This topic will be more important to some people than others. I use my headphones at the gym more than anyplace else. There’s nothing worse than listening to gym music, so for me I need my headphones to block out all that crap the gym plays so I can zone out. I prefer wireless headphones over the wired variety. The key benefit here for me is that I’m able to move around freely without a wire being in my way. It never fails either that the wire always gets caught on something and snatches the headphones off your head. For me wireless is the only way to go when picking headphones. Since my headphones of choice are wireless, I will be using a Bluetooth connection. When using a Bluetooth connection, you must be careful to stay within your Bluetooth range or you will lose connection. If I’m in my apartment, I don’t want to have to carry my phone with me when I have my headphones on. I want to be able to leave my phone on the charger and walk around my place without losing my connection. The range of your connection is very important if you choose wireless headphones. I’m a very busy person who is always on the go. I need my headphones to be as durable as me. Since I’m gone most days from sun up to sun down, I need my pair of headphones to be Banks 3 able to last all day. Now,Show MoreRelatedDo Humans Really Need Electronics?1307 Words   |  6 PagesToday we use electronics for almost everything whether it is for games, or communication, or for looking up information that is needed. Some people believe that that they could not live without their electronics; like it was another part of their body. While others believe that electronics are not a necessity; that they can live their lives without ever picking up any form of electronics. Either way it has been a long debated topic. 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The improvement in they could lead to gaining new consumers and might even lead to tapping into new market. †¢ Cultural and Social Environment The cultural and social environment is found in chapter 3 of our textbook, Essentials of Marketing: A Marketing Strategy PlanningRead MoreOutlook 2015 For The Ict Sector1588 Words   |  7 PagesCurrent Information and Communication technology includes big data, the cloud, mobile communication, and social media. These ICT developments marked latest trends in ICT, and promise to bring enormous potential improvement in ICT industry in future. These developments will further pass to a whole range of industries and sectors that leverage ICT. Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) get increasingly integrated and embedded into our everyday environment. By becoming connected and intelligentRead MoreHow Technology Has Changed Our Lives1676 Words   |  7 Pagesimprovements brought to society. 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Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Concept Analysis In Nursing - 1158 Words

Application of Concept Analysis to Practice In recent years there has been a movement in nursing to further understand the many terms (concepts) that are used. Concepts in nursing often seem vague or appear to have ambiguous meanings. For the purpose of this paper, we will take a deeper look at one specific concept, emotional intelligence, and examine a peer reviewed article that utilizes the Walker and Avant method to deconstruct the meaning. Emotional intelligence is asks the nurse to look at their own feelings and the feelings of others to achieve a successful nurse-patient interaction. Lastly, this paper will show how emotional intelligence can be applied in practice. Concept for Analysis The nurse-patient interaction is the†¦show more content†¦Next, the authors were to determine defining attributes of emotional intelligence. They concluded there were two defining attributes: 1. Emotional intelligence as the individual trait 2. Emotional intelligence as the ability to understand, express and control emotions of one’s self and others (Yekta Abdolrahimi, 2015). The next steps in the Walker and Avant concept analysis model is to identify scenarios in which the term is used. The authors provide a model case, in which a nurse understands a patient’s concern over their diagnosis, and therefore, adjusts body language, tone and demeanor to suggest a plan of care. In step 6 they identify borderline and contrary scenarios. Yekta and Abdolrahimi suggests a borderline scenario in which a nurse understands a patient may need comfort following a new diagnosis, yet the nurse leaves the patient in the room alone to wait for the provider. The authors then suggest a negative scenario in which a patient receives upsetting news and the nurse, regardless of the diagnosis, provides a disappointing plan of care (Yekta Abdolrahimi, 2015). The remaining two steps of the Walker and Avant concept analysis identifies antecedents and consequences as well as defines empirical references. The article identifies one’s locus of control as the antecedents to emotional intelligence. Although this is not explained well in the article, locus of control is a psychological concept that refers to how strongly people believe theyShow MoreRelatedConcept Analysis : Nursing Analysis1658 Words   |  7 PagesConcept Nursing Analysis The meaning of concept analysis is how nursing â€Å"explores the meaning of concepts to promote understanding† (McEwen, Wills, 2010). Pain continues to be a common problem within health care and one of the most treat problems when seeking medical treatment. The concept analysis consist of several steps to complete the process. The steps of the concept analysis are as follows: â€Å"1. select the concept 2. Determine the aims or purpose of analysis 3. Identify all the uses of theRead MoreConcept Analysis And Identify A Nursing Concept2357 Words   |  10 PagesThe purpose of this paper is to create a concept analysis and identify a nursing concept that is within a nursing theory. A concept analysis is a process where concepts and their characteristics are researched and clarified. The eight steps on conducting a concept analysis include selection of a concept used in a nursing theory, identification of the aims or purposes of the analysis, identification of possible use of the selected concept, determination of defining attributes, identification ofRead MoreNursing Care: A Concept Analysis1297 Words   |  5 PagesConcept analysis in the article Nursing Care: A Concept Analysis In theory development literature, concepts are the building blocks from which one constructs theories. Concepts are the fundamental building blocks for any scientific knowledge in any field, and the purpose of any concept analysis is to spell out the implication of a given concept of interest using a given approach or methodology (Meleis, 2011). The idea of concept analysis relates to the research blueprint of a philosophical inquiryRead MoreCritical Analysis Of Nursing Concepts1213 Words   |  5 Pages Critical Analysis of Nursing Concepts Cathy Chauvin University of Victoria, BC Critical Analysis of Nursing Concepts In this paper, I am going to discuss past and present nursing concepts, and how these theories have evolved. The initial paper by J. Fawcett (1984) describes the fundamental concepts of nursing including person, environment, health and nursing, (Fawcett, 1984 p.84) The author further describes ideas that are discussed and compared by various nursing scholars and how they areRead MoreNursing Theory Concept Analysis : Nursing Theories1357 Words   |  6 PagesNursing Theory Concept Analysis Introduction With the numerous nursing theories that have been established throughout the profession, it has become empirical for nursing professionals to be able to sort through the various concepts and critically analyze the significance for individual practice as well as the profession of nursing as a whole. 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Unlike nurses in the past, the modern nurses role is not limited to the physicians assistant, but rather takes on a critical partnership role with both doctor and patient. This role is multicimensional: advocate, caregiver, teacher, researcher, counselor, translator, and case manager. Of course, care is of the upmost importance and includes those activities that assist the client physically mentally andRead MoreStaff Satisfaction : Nursing : A Concept Analysis3058 Words   |  13 PagesStaff Satisfaction in Nursing: A Concept Analysis The term staff satisfaction is commonly used in society today. Whether it is in the world of business, economics, healthcare, or other organizational institutions; many evaluations and institutional changes stem from the results of this staff satisfaction. With emphasis on the healthcare industry, staff satisfaction of nurses often affects the way they perform in their care of patients. It may also affect their happiness within the organization andRead MoreConcept Analysis of Caring in Nursing Essay2156 Words   |  9 PagesIt is evident that nursing theorists, scholars and health care professions have varying interpretations of what caring is or should be. In the middle of all these disparity, caring is a vital component of the nursing practice and the key to choosing the concept of caring is because it is very essential when it comes to health care. This paper tries to make clear the concept of caring in the field of nursing and it makes use of the Walker and Avant outline to supp ort the concept. It starts with recognizingRead MoreConcept Analysis : The Theory Of The Science Of Nursing1875 Words   |  8 PagesIntroduction Concept analysis is a process that many healthcare professionals use in practice daily. It helps when conducting research into the best practices we should be abiding by in order to give the best possible care at all times. 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Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Globalization In The Financial Sector And Personal Reflection assignme

Questions: 1. In reference to a particular business sector of your choice discuss four major drivers that may have accelerated the pace of globalization of this sector since the year 2000. Briefly assess two main impacts of globalization on this sector over this period. 2. Personal reflection. Give a brief account of how the process of globalization might have impacted on you; provide detailed explanations of your response to the process. Answers: 1. Globalization in the financial sector The present time is the age of globalization. And, UK is one of the worlds most globalized economies. The service sector dominates the UK economy. It contributes about 78% to their GDP. And among that financial services sector is in itself quite important. UKs capital London is the worlds largest financial sector. Therefore when UK was recognizing wave of globalization how its mighty financial sector could have been spared. The financial sector has also been revolutionized through globalization over time. (Ref: Richard Davies and Peter Richardson, Lazarowicz, Global Financial Centers)There had been several drivers that have accelerated the pace of globalization of financial sector since the year 2000. Most important of them are-1. Political Drivers - The Governments all over the world in the drift of globalization allowed the banks to open their units and branches in any part of the region. Apart they could also engage in merger activities internationally. Now, it is well known that hefty international mergers impact the structure of the entire domestic markets. And due to this the respective governments keep on devising and implementing foreign trade policies. These policies are specifically targeted at reducing the level of competition among domestic firms and international firms. Usually they confront the multinational firms to protect regional firms. There have been several laws for the same including those made in the early 80s of 19th century. They include among all the Deposito ry Institutions Deregulation and Monetary Control Act of 1980 and the Garn-St. Germaine Depository Act of 1982. These acts used to provide the Federal Reserve a greater control over the non-member banks. These acts used to work to allow the banks to merge and thrift institutions (credit unions, savings and loans and mutual savings banks) to offer checkable deposits. Now that was the condition in 80s, in 1993 the Second Banking Directive was implemented which deregulated the markets of European Union countries. In 1994, European insurance markets underwent similar changes as a result of the Third Generation Insurance Directive of 1994. Now these two directives bring about the necessary change for globalization in the financial services sector. It opened the home financial services sector to the fierce challenge from multinational corporations. In addition it created a vigorous global scramble to secure customers that had been previously unreachable or untouchable. Now banks and finan cial services were open to take advantage of the other financially rich economies. In the past, while the institutional and regulatory restrictions on banks activities had been preventing banks from fully responding to economic drivers, deregulation of these by the Governments, all across globe, removed these constraints. Now the banks were open to expand into new markets offering higher (albeit more volatile) margins. This prospective profitability sight provided by the diversification and on tune encouraged by the deregulation has been a major thrift in pacing the rate of globalization of financial services.(Ref: Susan Lund, Toos Daruvala, Richard Dobbs, Philipp Harle, Ju-Hon Kwek, and Ricardo Falcon, Nicolas Pologeorgis) 2. Technological Drivers US has always been considered as the most technology savvy market in the world. But American minds are not the sole technologically efficient minds in the world. There is talent all over the world. And even the American organizations know that. When, globalization opened ways for organizations how could they stay unperturbed to the tech-efficient people all around? Rather they took to take advantage of the same. So organizations hired the technical minded people in spite of their location on the globe. Now, only technical organization do not require technical people, even they are required in the financial sector. And they same as was revolutionizing around, helped financial organizations hire competent minds to make them more technologically advanced. Then, on globe there are several countries known for technological advancement in every field. And there, in those countries, the financial entities like banks, NBFCs are also more advanced in comparison to th e similar entities present all over the world and globalization was allowing the organizations to form combination structures horizontally and vertically with them and exploit their technical knowledge for their own benefit, so how could the organizations resist. They took to moving in several combination strategies to take benefit of the same. Now, next the complementary increase in the capabilities of Internet had also been a major pace maker of the globalization of financial services. It has dramatically changed the cost and capabilities for marketing, distributing and servicing financial products. Recent innovations in communications and information technology have resulted in a reduction in diseconomies of scale associated with business costs faced by financial institutions contemplating geographic expansion. To add up the ATM networks and banking websites now enabled efficient long-distance interactions between institutions and their customers. Now the customers didnt even hav e to move the branches of the banks for various purposes. They could rather get there work done from any place of their choice. This has made customers become too dependent on their newfound ability to conduct boundary-less financial transactions on a continuous basis. The situation got intense to the level that businesses which were not technologically connected ultimately lost their entire market share to the competitors.The ones that took most advantage of this internet wave were the multinationals. Because when there were no boundaries, the financial sector could easily sweep to countries that were not developed as their native countries. These were particularly Asian and Middle East Countries. There internet had not reached or if had reached, wasnt been used that effectively in European Countries. And when the European Union Financial Sectors targeted these economies they knew well, there was no back turn. These nations had funds, resources which were not effectively mobilized. Globalization gave them that spirit. And the multinational financial services keen to exploit opportunities proved additional lit to the flame. Now the multinational group used internet to reach the customers of these countries. It was when their native financial services providers were not providing any such services. This made the financial services users to start choosing multinational brand financial service providers over their home service providers. Thus, adding up to their advantage and profitability. This way the internet also provided a drive to the globalization of financial services.Now, this thrift of internet making globalization opportunities more attractive, and then the baits of hiring techno-efficient people, getting to ride on technologies of advanced similar finance service providers added to the drive towards globalization.(Ref: Nicolas Pologeorgis, TF Dapp, Eric K. Clemons and Lorin M. Hitt) 3. Competitive Drivers - Nicolas in his article says An additional driving force for financial service firms' geographic diversification has been the proliferation of corporate combination strategies such as mergers, acquisitions, strategic alliances and outsourcing. While these combination strategies allowed the organization to improve the level of their efficiency within the industry. It also provided them an opportunity to enter the financial markets of other countries. They could even make a voluntary exit through the back door of divesting their share in these combined organizations. Apart it gave them a look of native, for those service users who preferred their own national services over others. Then these Consolidation strategies further empowered the firms to capitalize on economies of scale and focus on lowering their unit production costs.Then when your competitor is joining the wave of globalization, how could other organizations leave the flow. Many financial sector busi nesses jumped into the globalization drive just because their competitors had and they in no way could accept lacking behind. Apart, due to globalization, when the financial sector of UK visualized that several cross country organizations were trying hard to enter their nations and exploit the advantages of the United Kingdoms Financial Sector, they also could cite several benefits available to financial service providers across the world. And then this view and those others explained above competitive drivers add up to the drive of globalization.(Ref: F. Braggion, M.Haynes, J. Ashton, M.Jayadev)4. Market Drivers - apart from the above defined, there were market drivers that paced the level of globalization in the financial sector of UK. The financial organizations of UK had already explored every nook of financial services that could be provided in the country. Now they could expand to other countries and exploit the financial markets of those places. And with their efficiency they were unperturbed that they could take the advantage. This foresight act as a market driver for the financial sector going global5. Cost Drivers- Then there had also been cost drivers. When the financial sector organization move to other nations they get the resources there as gifts. Many times the native industries cannot take that level advantage of the resources and opportunities in their own country. And thats because they are nave in the field while the multinational firms own experience. Also in the other Asian and African countries the cost for almost everything is less than the cost of the same product in Britain. This cost drivers also allowed to the charm of globalization for the financial sector.(Ref: Martin Wolf, Dr. Madsen Pirie, Robyn Meredith and Suzanne Hoppough)Thus the above factors have been the reason which the financial sector paced up so fast in the ride of globalization. Impacts of Globalization on Financial Sector- 1. Introduction of New Technologies- Globalization has brought with itself new technologies. Before globalization there were certain efficient technocrat countries which excelled in technology and then there were other countries that were backward in terms of technology. Then there were some technologies that hadnt even been utilized. Globalization revolutionized both. Now no country is left without efficient technology. And particularly the financial sector of now almost every country utilizes technology.Then there are also several new technologies like those involving ATM, truncated cards and cheques which got evolved just because of globalization. When the techno-efficient minds from all over the world came together, then only they could device so many new technologies and systems. And they could come together only because of globalization. And now the new technologies defined and designed by them are shaping the financial sector not only in UK but throughout the world.2. Increase d Competition, resulting in better services -It is a well known fact that anytime when the economy has multiple producers contending for a clutch of the wealth, thats a good sign for consumers. It is because when there are numerous sellers of the same service, they know they have to compete with each other for each and every consumer. It ultimately increases the quality of goods and services they provide, which is definitely quite beneficial for customers. Because they find several people ready to provide services each better than the other, each providing some additional quality, each trying for their penny and that too at the lowest cost possible, since the lowering of cost is also one of the measure they use to gain customers.So when the financial service providers started to venture across international borders, they knew well that already there were established service providers. To take their market share, they had no other option then to present top notch facilities and new t echnologies. And therefore they incorporated them in their services. Now due to that their financial services demand rose. It ultimately made the native companies too to raise the standard level of services they were providing. Thus now a consumer had a competitive market that could provide him the best services in the world. That way the globalization leads to increase in the level of competition and in turn better services to the customers.(Ref: Impact of Globalization, Definition of Comparative advantage, Effects of globalization on the UK economy, Why globalization matters, Don McCubbrey, Andy Rao, K.Ellis, N Bloom) 2. Personal Reflection It is never like that if something is shaping the world, it wont shape the life of a common individual. Similarly when the globalization has turned the world upside down, it also affects people like me. Due to globalization in the financial sector, consumers like us have the advantage to choose from numerous competitive organizations that are providing top notch facilities. Then the efficiency of the products and services has also risen. While earlier I had to call a customer executive cell at least thrice to get connected to the person, now I can get my query or complaint, whatever it is, registered in one call. Then, earlier I had to go to the bank branch to secure payment from my account now I can collect it anywhere, since the ATMs are now scattered all over. Apart earlier whenever I had to move out, I had to carry hard currency. But now just a debit or credit card is sufficient. Thats just because globalization had made almost every service techno-efficient.Apart due to globaliz ation, now a commoner like me can take education or grade from any university in the world. Even I am not required to go there I can rather take the classes at my home through online class schedule. Now thats not the limit, even I can join any organization worldwide, irrespective of where it is situated. Even I need not care whether the entity I am joining is of UK or any other country.Besides I may choose to be an entrepreneur. And then, can enter any market worldwide. I am independent to choose my workplace where my goods would be manufactured. Then I have the advantage to choose from thousands of financial service providers, all over the world to take necessary funding for my firm. Then if ever I could turn my entrepreneurial business to a company, the organization can now due to globalization issue GDRs throughout the world. Then I am again free to choose where I want to sell my product. I wont have the restriction to sell it ultimately only in my own country. Then if now I want a product thats not available in UK, I can get it exported from the place where they are available. Even if thats a service, unless it requires personal presence it can be delivered at my door step. And when, its a service involving personal presence, I can move to the best place wherever there is the best service provider or wherever the service is provided at the most cheap rate, without any restriction on my movement. The best example of it is people moving to Ecuador for cheap health services and also to US for receiving best health services. Now thats the way globalization has impacted me as an individual. References- 1. RICHARD DAVIES and PETER RICHARDSON, 2010, Evolution of the UK banking system, Quarterly bulletin 2010 Q42. LAZAROWICZ, 2003, Financial Services Industry, United Kingdom Parliament3. Global Financial Centers , 2010, Zyen, Pp-304. SUSAN LUND, TOOS DARUVALA, RICHARD DOOBS, PHILIPP HARLE, JU-HON KWEK and RICARDO FALCON, 2013, Financial Globalization; Retreat or reset?, Insights Publications. viewed on 31 March 2015, https://www.mckinsey.com/insights/global_capital_markets/financial_globalization5. NICOLAS POLOGEORGIS, The Globalization of financial services, viewed on 31 March 2015, https://www.investopedia.com/articles/financial-theory/09/risk-free-rate-return.asp6. TF DAPP, 2014, The digital revolution in the financial sector7. ERIC K. CLEMONS and LORIN M. HITT, 2000, The internet and the future of financial services: Transparency, Differential Pricing and Disintermediation, viewed on 31 March 2015, https://fic.wharton.upenn.edu/fic/papers/00/p0035.html8. F. BRAGGION, 2010, Merger s and acquisitions in financial baking, aea web9. M.HAYNES, Mergers and Market share: evidence from the UK Financial Market 10. J. ASHTON, 2007, Efficiency and Price Effects of Horizontal Bank Mergers 11. M.JAYADEV, Mergers in Indian Banking, University of Birmingham12. MARTIN WOLF, 2004, Why Globalization Works, New Haven, Yale University Press13. Dr. MADSEN PIRIE, 2012, Ten very good things, 9:Globalization, viewed on 31 March 2015, https://www.adamsmith.org/blog/international/ten-very-good-things-9-globalization/14. ROBYN MEREDITH and SUZANNE HOPPOUGH, 2007, Why globalization is good, viewed on 31 March 2015, https://www.forbes.com/forbes/2007/0416/064.html15. 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ANDY RAO, 2013, 4 positive impacts of globalization on world economy, viewed on 31 March 2015, https://www.kstatecollegian.com/2013/05/07/4-positive-impacts-of-globalization-on-world-economy/21. K.ELLIS, The Economic Impact of Globalization 22. N BLOOM, 2010, The impact of globalization on management quality